The International Center for Transitional Justice
www.ictj.org

Transitional Justice in the News

June 30, 2006

HEADLINES

Algeria: Government Reports 40,000 have Benefited from Reconciliation Charter

Argentina: Nation Prepares for “Dirty War” Trial

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Former Serbian Prime Minister Fails to Appear in Court, Arrest Warrant Issued

Cambodia: Khmer Rouge Tribunal Judges and Prosecutors to be Sworn in on July 3, 2006

Canada: Prime Minister Offers Symbolic Payment for Victims of “Head-tax”

Chad: AU Summit in July to Determine Fate of Hissene Habre

Guatemala: High Court Rejects Role in Genocide Probe

Iraq: Second Saddam Trial to Open August 21, 2006; Government Unveils National Reconciliation Plan

Liberia: Truth and Reconciliation Commission Officially Launched

The Netherlands: Taylor Transferred to The Hague

Rwanda: Tribunal Investigates 12 on UN Payroll for Role in Genocide

Uganda: Kony Denies LRA Responsibility for Mass Atrocities; LRA Leaders Offered Safe Passage to The Hague

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ALGERIA

Government Reports 40,000 have Benefited from Reconciliation Charter

June 27, 2006

The Algerian government released a preliminary three-month progress report, suggesting that its Charter on Peace and Reconciliation has benefited more than 40,000 people. The report claims that a vast number of Algerians, both domestically and living abroad, have received a range of benefits, which may include amnesty, reinstatement of employment, and psychological counseling. Critics have since responded that the Charter has failed to quell remaining outbursts of violence by “armed rebels” and that—due to its lack of truth-seeking or justice mechanisms for victims—it has done little to advance the cause of national reconciliation. The Charter provided a blanket amnesty to members of the security forces and criminalized public discussion of the “national tragedy.”

See, Liberté, 40 000 personnes ont bénéficié de la charte

NY Times, Many Algerians Are Not Reconciled by Amnesty Law

Daily Star, Algeria Says Amnesty Has Convinced 200 Islamist Fighters to Lay Down Weapons

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ARGENTINA

Nation Prepares for “Dirty War” Trials

June 20, 2006

Miguel Etchecolatz, a 77-year old former police investigator, went on trial last week in a landmark case that marks the first in a new series of attempts to punish human rights abusers from the "dirty war" waged by the 1976-1983 military junta, under which an estimated 30,000 opponents of the regime were “disappeared.” Etchecolatz is the first former officer to face trial since the Argentine Supreme Court overturned a pair of amnesty laws passed during the 1980s, which had shielded hundreds from criminal charges. It is estimated that up to 400 former officers will face similar charges in Argentine courts in the coming years.

See, Associated Press, Argentina readies for dirty war trial

Voice of America, Argentina Begins Trial of 'Dirty War' Suspect

Los Angeles Times, 'Dirty War' Trial Reflects Fresh Resolve

For more detailed daily updates on the trials, please see the newly established trial web log by the Center for Legal and Social Studies (CELS), available in English and Spanish.

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BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Former Republika Srpska Prime Minister Fails to Appear in Court, Arrest Warrant Issued

June 27, 2006

The United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) declared former Republika Srpska Prime Minister Branko Djeric in contempt of court and issued a warrant for his arrest following his failure to appear in court. In early June, Djeric was subpoenaed to testify as a witness in the case against former Bosnian Serb political leader Momcilo Krajisnik at the ICTY. According to police records, Djeric was informed that failure to appear in court would result in the issuing of a subpoena, possible jail time, and fines.

See, United Press International, U.N. tribunal seeks arrest of Bosnian Serb

For more detailed weekly updates on the ICTY, please see Tribunal Update by the Institute for War and Peace Reporting, the U.N. Public Information Services' ICTY Weekly Update, and the Coalition for International Justice's Latest Reports. See also the International Center for Transitional Justice/Bard College's audio/video archive of the

Milosevic trial.

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CAMBODIA

Khmer Rouge Tribunal Judges and Prosecutors to be Sworn in on July 3, 2006

June 15, 2006

The Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), formerly known as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal (KRT), has announced that it is on schedule to swear in 30 jurists to the recently established legal body at the Royal Palace in on July 3. The ECCC will be composed of 13 international judges and prosecutors, as well as 17 Cambodian counterparts. Cambodia and the UN jointly established the Tribunal in 2003 to try top-level Khmer Rouge leaders accused of orchestrating the deaths of an estimated 1.7 million people from 1975 to 1979. The swearing-in ceremony will be followed by a five-day judicial strategic planning and development workshop in Phnom Penh for the international and Cambodian appointees. It is expected that the co-prosecutors will soon commence their formal investigations.

See, Voice of America, Khmer Rouge Tribunal Judges and Prosecutors Will Be Sworn In

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CANADA

Prime Minister Offers Symbolic Payment for Victims of “Head-tax”

June 22, 2006

The Canadian government has announced its plan to offer compensation to surviving Chinese-Canadian victims of a racist head tax imposed on Chinese immigrants from 1885 until 1923, when the Exclusion Act barred all immigration from China. Few surviving victims were present at a public ceremony in Ottawa, where Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper made a public apology and announced the reparations scheme. It is estimated that 400 head-tax payers, or their spouses, remain in Canada.

See, The Star, PM offers head-tax amends

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CHAD

AU Summit in July to Determine Fate of Hissene Habre

June 26, 2006

The African Union (AU) announced it will decide on the fate of former Chadian leader Hissene Habre at its summit in July, when its members will vote on whether to pressure Senegal to extradite Habre to face charges of war crimes in Belgium or at an alternate venue. The AU is establishing an African Court on Human and People’s Rights, which will be comprised of 11 judges, all to be sworn in at the summit in July. While the Court will not be empowered to hold individuals accountable, a selection of its judges have been asked to study the Habre case and provide their expert advice to AU officials at the summit. Habre has been living in exile in Senegal since 1990.

See, The East African, Former Chadian leader's fate to be decided by AU

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GUATEMALA

High Court Rejects Role in Genocide Probe

June 29, 2006

A Guatemalan court denied access for Spanish Judge Santiago Pedraz to use the Spanish embassy there as a base to conduct his investigations into human rights abuses that took place in Guatemala between 1978 and 1986. Judge Pedraz had planned to gather statements from witnesses of crimes committed which resulted in the killing of 37 people and included a 1980 military assault on the Spanish embassy. Hundreds of Guatemalans took to the street following the latest ruling from the court, calling for an end to impunity for the country’s former dictators.

See, JURIST, Spain judge begins investigation in Guatemala genocide case

El Pais, Manifestación en Guatemala en apoyo al juez Pedraz

Reuters AlertNew, Spanish judge in Guatemala for genocide probe

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IRAQ

Second Trial of Saddam Hussein to Open August 21

June 27, 2006

The second trial against former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and six co-defendants—on charges of genocide—is scheduled to begin on August 21. Hussein and members of his former Ba‘ath party regime will be tried for their alleged role in Operation Anfal, a campaign which killed an estimated 100,000 Kurds and displaced thousands of villagers in the 1987-88 operation. The first trial against Hussein, for his role in authorizing the killings of 148 Shiite Muslims in the town of Dujail, is scheduled to return from recess on July 10, at which point the defense will present closing arguments.

See, Associated Press, Tribunal: 2nd Saddam trial to open Aug. 21

Reuters, Saddam to go on Trial in August for Kurd Genocide

Government Unveils National Reconciliation Plan

June 26, 2006

The Iraqi government presented a draft of its 28-point national reconciliation plan to parliament. The proposal could grant amnesty to thousands of Iraqi prisoners and contains unspecified plans for Iraqi forces to resume control of their national security. The plan proposes a general pardon for thousands of prisoners who are determined not to have committed "crimes and clear terrorist actions" as well as promises to incorporate Sunni Arab demands in a review of the country’s newest constitution, all in the name of advancing hopes for reconciliation and peace for the war-torn nation.

See, BBC, Main points of Iraq's peace plan

AP, Iraq Reconciliation May Include Amnesty

BBC, Iraq plan part of grand strategy

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LIBERIA

Truth and Reconciliation Commission Officially Launched

June 22, 2006

The Liberian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) officially began its work following an inaugural ceremony in Liberia’s capital Monrovia last week. Liberian President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf participated in the inauguration and expressed optimism about the Commission’s role in helping the war-ravaged country address its history of conflict, including its recent 14-year civil war. During the ceremony, Johnson-Sirleaf said that full accountability for human rights atrocities is a necessary first step toward lasting peace in Liberia. The Liberian TRC was modeled in large part on South Africa’s truth commission, which was charged with examining human rights abuses during apartheid.

See, Washington Post, Liberia's Truth Commission Begins Work

All Africa, Liberia Launches Truth and Reconciliation Commission

Independent online, Liberian leader hopes TRC will bring closure

All Africa, Success of TRC Depends Upon Resources, UNMIL Acting Chief Appeals For Support

All Africa, Gov't Formally Launches TRC - Will The Victims Please Come Forward?

Star Tribune, Liberia takes a step toward justice

For more details on the TRC process, see the official website of the Liberian Truth and Reconciliation Commission

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THE NETHERLANDS

Taylor Transferred to The Hague

June 20, 2006

Following his March arrest and subsequent transfer to the custody of the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL), where he has been indicted on 11 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity, Charles Taylor has been transferred to the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague. The UN-backed tribunal was moved from Freetown for security reasons. While the trials against Taylor will be housed in the ICC facility, the proceedings will be entirely conducted by officials from the SCSL.

See, BBC, Taylor flies in for Hague trial

African News Dimension, Taylor's trial may begin in January 2007

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RWANDA

Tribunal Investigates 12 on UN Payroll for Role in Genocide

June 29, 2006

The UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) has announced that it is investigating 12 individuals on the court’s payroll for their alleged participation in the 1994 Rwandan genocide. While some of the suspects were indirectly supported through the UN payroll, others, such as Simeon Nshamihigo, were working as investigators for the court. ICTR officials announced that they initially learned about the 12 suspects in March and that they expect to complete their probe by August.

See, Reuters AlertNet, UN tribunal investigating 12 on its payroll

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UGANDA

Kony Denies Responsibility for Mass Atrocities; LRA Leaders Offered Safe Passage to The Hague

Joseph Kony, leader of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), claimed his innocence in an exclusive interview with a BBC journalist, alleging that the Ugandan government was responsible for the atrocities committed against civilians in Northern Uganda over the last 20 years. Following the interview, Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, issued a public statement offering Kony “safe and free” passage to The Hague, to stand trial at the International Criminal Court (ICC). Kony and four of his top commanders have been indicted by the ICC on 33 counts, including 12 counts of crimes against humanity and 21 counts covering various war crimes.

See, BBC News, Ugandan rebel denies war crimes

BBC News, Disbelief at LRA war crime denial

Sudan Tribune, Ugandan rebel head seeks peace, denies war crimes

Independent online, Uganda rejects torture claims by rebels

The Monitor, Kony offered free passage to The Hague

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ADVISORY: The ICTJ New York Office Has Relocated

As of June 12, 2006, the new mailing address and main telephone number of the ICTJ New York office are:

5 Hanover Square, 24th Floor
New York, NY 10004
Phone: + 1.917.637.3800

Our email addresses remain the same.

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Editors: Veerle Opgenhaffen and Kasia Reterska

Contributing Editors: Marieke Wierda and Miranda Sissons

This semimonthly newsletter summarizes major news events in the field of transitional justice. To unsubscribe, please e-mail unsubscribe@ictj.org. To subscribe, please send an e-mail request to communications@ictj.org.


The International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ) assists countries pursuing accountability for past mass atrocity or human rights abuse. The Center works in societies emerging from repressive rule or armed conflict, as well as in established democracies where historical injustices or systemic abuse remain unresolved.

In order to promote justice, peace, and reconciliation, government officials and nongovernmental advocates are likely to consider a variety of transitional justice approaches including both judicial and nonjudicial responses to human rights crimes. The ICTJ assists in the development of integrated, comprehensive, and localized approaches to transitional justice comprising five key elements: prosecuting perpetrators, documenting and acknowledging violations through nonjudicial means such as truth commissions, reforming abusive institutions, providing reparations to victims, and facilitating reconciliation processes.

The Center is committed to building local capacity and generally strengthening the emerging field of transitional justice, and works closely with organizations and experts around the world to do so. By working in the field through local languages, the ICTJ provides comparative information, legal and policy analysis, documentation, and strategic research to justice and truth-seeking institutions, nongovernmental organizations, governments and others.

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International Center for Transitional Justice
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24th Floor
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917.637.3800
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